Can I eat sugar?

In the past, when someone was diagnosed with diabetes, they were told they should not eat sugar.  The thinking was that sugar affected blood sugar more than complex carbohydrates (table sugar compared to a slice of bread).

That thinking has shifted.  Sugar has no greater effect on blood sugar than complex carbohydrates.  All carbohydrates are considered fairly equal as far as affecting blood sugar.  

Sugary snacks are often termed "empty calorie" foods.  These foods do not contain much nutritional value but contain calories and often fat.  Empty calorie foods include cookies, cakes, ice cream, etc.  All Americans should limit empty calories foods, not just those with diabetes..

Milk, yogurt, and fruits are high in simple sugar but do contain vitamins and minerals.  These foods should be incorporated in the diet.  Portion sizes should be noted. 

Eight ounces of milk or yogurt is considered a serving.  Low fat or fat free dairy products will help save calories. 

One small orange or apple, 3/4 cup of berries, or 1 cup of melon is a serving of fruit.  Fruits provide vitamins and fiber which help delay sugar absorption into the blood.  Fruit juices do not contain fiber and should be limited.  Serving sizes of juice are 1/3-1/2 cup depending on the juice.  A serving of light cranberry cocktail juice is 8 oz.

Complex carbohydrates are another category of carbohydrates.  Examples of complex carbohydrates are bread, rice, pasta, and potatoes.  Understanding portion sizes will help you to plan your meals more effectively.  One serving equals 1 slice of bread, 1/3 cup rice, 1/3 cup pasta, or 1 6-inch tortilla.  Focusing on whole grain complex carbohydrates helps increase fiber.

The main goal with diabetes is controlling blood sugar and avoiding complications.   Eating even amounts of carbohydrates throughout the day can help control blood sugar.  Be aware of eating "empty calorie" carbohydrates and eat a variety of carbohydrate containing foods. 

Talk with your diabetes educator or dietitian to plan your diet.  Remember all types of carbohydrates will increase blood sugar.  Choose carbohydrates that will provide your body with the most benefit more often.